The Amazon region within Brazil corresponds to an area of 4,196,943 sq km, divided among the states of Amazonas, Acre, Roraima, Rondônia, Amapá, Pará and Tocantins, reaching other states such as Mato Grosso and a part of Maranhão and Goiás. It is located within the Amazon Basin, the most extensive one in the planet, consisting of 25,000 km of navigable rivers.

The heterogeneous environment, the predominantly equatorial climate, and the genetic diversity have resulted in an amazing biodiversity. The Amazon Rainforest biome has around 30 million catalogued plant species, not to mention the huge quantity of animal species. It is estimated that one may find from 40 to 300 different species of trees in each hectare in the region.